in hell. The view also fits well with 1 Peter 1:11, which speaks of the pre-incarnate Christ speaking through the Old Testament prophets and with 2 Peter 2:5, in which Noah is said to be a “preacher of righteousness.” One shortcoming of this view is that spirit is almost never used in the New Testament in reference to people. None of the interpretations is fully satisfactory and each has grammatical, lexical, or theological shortfalls, though the third view seems most consistent with the immediate